儿童血压发育规律的研究

Adevelopmentalstudyonbloodpressureinchildren

为研究儿童血压发育规律及其影响因素，对６、９、１２岁３个年龄组的健康儿童１１６４名进行了连续８年的血压纵向研究，总复查率为８９．４％。初查与后７年复查血压相关系数，收缩压（除１９８９年外）为０．４７０～０．６２３，舒张压为０．２９３～０．４５１。初查血压高百分位者（Ｐ８１～９９）第８年时仍保持原相应百分位者占３２．１％，表明儿童血压存在轨迹现象。连续２年及３年高血压发生率为３．８％和１．４％，复查血压上升组的体重、身高、皮脂厚度及体重指数明显高于下降组。多元回归分析表明血压与体重关系明显。高血压家族史阳性的儿童血压高于阴性组，提示体重及遗传因素为影响儿童血压变异的重要因素。

Tofindoutthedevelopmentalregularityofbloodpressureinchildrenandtodeter-minetheinfluentialfactorsonitweexamined1164childrenin3agegroups:groupsof6,9,and12yearsofageyearlyoverperiodof8years(1987～1994)inBeijing.Asignificantcorrelationbetweensuccessivebloodpressuremeasurementswasfoundafteryearlyfolow-upforsystolicbloodpressure,withtrackingcoeficientsof0.470to0.623.Fordiastolicbloodpressurethecoeficientswere0.293to0.451.Thirtytwopercentofthechildrenwithsystolicbloodpressureabove81thpercentilesintheinitialexaminationmaintainedtheirbloodpressureatthesamelevelafter7years.Morbiditiesofbloodpressureabove95thpercentileinsuccessive2and3yearswere3.8%and1.4%ofalsubjectsstudiedrespectively.Asignificantcorrelationbetweenbodyweightandbloodpressurelevelswasnotedandthechildrenwithapositivefamilyhistoryofhypertensionhadhigherbloodpressurethanthosewithanegativefamilyhistoryofhypertension.Thus,bothbodyweightandgeneticfactorsap-peartobeimportanttoinfluencebloodpressurelevels.