新民主主义政治经济学说与中国计划经济的确立

On the Neo-democratist Theory of Political Economics and the Establishment of China's Planning Economy

20世纪50年代中期中国计划经济的确立并不是简单地对苏联模式照抄照搬的结果,也不单纯地是为了适应当时国家重工业化的政治任务,而是一个理论和历史统一的复杂过程。20世纪40年代的新民主主义政治经济学说构成了这个过程的逻辑起点,从关于战后中国市场化发展道路的设想、新民主主义计划经济观的形成到向计划经济的转变,计划经济在中国的确立有着内在的思想和历史推动。客观分析这个过程,是当代中国经济史和经济改革史研究中一个具有持久重要意义的问题。

China＇s establishment of its planning economy in the mid-1950＇s was neither a mere imitation of Soviet model or a pure adaptation to the then political strategy of heavy industrialization of the nation, but a complex process of unifying theory and history. The neo-democratist theory of political economics which was popular in the 1940＇s was the actual logical basis of this system. The planning economy dates back to the supposition of taking the path of market economy in China after the war, the establishment of neo-democratist theory of political economics and finally the turn to a planning economy. So the establishment of planning economy in China really involved some internal ideological and historical initiation. Thus an objective analysis of this process offers an issue of lasting importance to studies of the economic history and the economic reform history of contemporary China.