横向磁场作用下真空电弧阴极过程数学模型的研究

A Mode for the Cathode Mechanism in a Transverse Magnetic Steered Vacuum Arc

通过联立沙哈方程、质量守恒方程、动量守恒方程、能量守恒方程、空间电荷方程、电流连续性方程及电子发射公式，建立了横向磁场作用下直流真空电弧阴极过程的定量数学模型，模型中不仅考虑了多价离子的作用，而且计及了阴极表面外加横向磁场对等离子体的影响。通过对电弧电流为８０Ａ的钛阴极真空电弧的数值求解，得到了大量等离子体参数随磁场变化的规律。计算结果与实验测量值相吻合。

A mode for the cathode mechanism in transverse magnetic steered low-current dc vacuum arc is developed by simultaneous equations of Saha equation,equations for conservation of mass, monmentum, energy and current, space charge equation, electron emission equation and evaporation equation.Not only the multiply charged ions are taken into accunt,but also the external magnetic field applied on the cathode surface.Numerical calculation are carried out for 80A titanium vapor vacuum arcs using the magnetic field to serve as an independent variable. Calculation results are compared with other modes and experimental data.