论儒家至乐与释老至乐的同异

On the Differences and Similarities between the Confucian Happiness and the Buddhist and Taoist Happiness

宋明理学中的“孔颜之乐”不仅是儒家中的精神境界问题,而且也是儒家的至乐问题。与道家和佛家相比,儒家的至乐———“孔颜之乐”,既有与其他两家相似之点,也有其相异之处。通过比较儒、释、道三家关于“至乐”观点的同异,可以清楚地认识宋明理学中的“孔颜之乐”是区别儒释道“至乐”的标志。

“Kong-Yan happiness” in neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasty is related not only to the spirit of Confucianism but also to its happiness. Compared with Taoism and Buddhism, “Kong-Yan happiness” has both its similar and different traits. Through a comparison of the different and similar aspects related to “happiness” in the tht;ee schools, it can be concluded that “Kong-Yan happiness” is the very symbol that distinguishes the Confucian happiness from the Taoist and the Buddhist happiness.