矩形断面明渠流速分布特性的试验研究

Experimental study on distribution properties of velocity in rectangular open channel

通过对明渠流速的水槽试验研究,建立了矩形断面明渠沿垂线流速的抛物线分布公式和横向平均流速的乘幂函数分布公式,同时给出了相关系数的确定方法.采用不同渠道流速资料进行验证,表明所提出的明渠流速分布律与实际分布一致,对应测点流速相对误差较小,可以满足明渠流速分布及流量计算精度要求.

Through the flume experimental research, the velocity distribution formulas tor rectangular open channel have been found, including parabola form of velocity distribution on the vertical and power form of mean velocity distribution on the transverse direction; meanwhile, the means of ascertaining correlative coefficient have been given in this paper. Validation of the observing velocity data in different channels indicates that the velocity-distribution law given by authors is in accordance with the real velocity-distribution perfectly in open channel; and the relative error between observing value and calculating value of point velocity is small, which can satisfy the precision requirement in the calculation of velocity distribution and discharge in open channel.