通过体外诱导突变及筛选来改良果树作物特性的研究进展(英文)

Research Advances in Improving the Traits of Fruit Trees by in vitro Mutation Induction and Screening

突变会导致栽培作物一个或多个特殊性状的改变,以突变为基础的植物品质的改良,会使果树业的发展获得极大的促进。传统诱导突变的方法应用于果树作物,常受限于外植体来源,并且耗费大量的时间及场地。体细胞变异结合物理化学诱变法可被视作改良果树作物的一种手段,并且在一些果树作物中获得了成功。这使我们有理由认为体外诱导变异是改良果树作物的品质及其抗逆性的一种很有效的潜在途径。本文讨论了大量的与果树培育有关的突变诱导、变异体筛选、大田评估方法等综合使用的实例及研究进展。

Mutation is capable of making crops change their one or more specifictraits and thus the mutation-based improvement of plant quality can greatly help fruit production. Conventional mutation-inducing methods are often limited by explant availability and require lots of time and space. Thus, the somatic cell variation in combination with physical and chemical mutagenesis can be considered as one approach to improve fruit crops and have achieved success in some fruit crops. It is thought reasonable that in vitro mutation induction should be one potential efficient approach for improving the qualities and resistances of fruit trees. The paper deals with many cases and research advances concerned with mutation induction, variant screening, and field evaluation.