治污投资的政府最优政策博弈

Game Analyses of Government Policies for Pollution Controll Investment

外部性的存在及制造商治污投资动机不足要求政府对制造商的行为进行相应的规制,政府在制造商的治污投资行为中主要的作用是通过各种措施使得制造商有动机地去自觉地进行有效的治污投资;政府的主要控制手段包括直接管制及借助市场激励,政府制定环境管理策略的关键因素是“惩罚的力度与激励的强度”。基于社会福利最大化的角度,从制造商的治污投资行为出发研究政府制定环境管理规制的策略,通过一个三阶段的博弈模型分析福利增进量、治污成本与治污效果等三个因素对“惩罚力度与激励强度”的影响。

Manufacturers lack incentives to invest in pollution controll. It is necessary for the government to adopt the environment management policy to influence the investing behavior of manufacturers. The primary controlling means of the government＇ s environmental management includes government＇ s regulation and market incentives. The key factors for the government to establish the environment management system are the strength of punishment and incentives. This paper discusses two factors： punishment and encouragement, which are the basic factors for the government establish its environment management policy. Through a three - phrase game model, it analyses how the government decides the intensity of punishment and encouragement. The welfare＇ s increment, the cost and effect of pollution controll are the key factors which affect the strategy of government＇ environment management, and how the three factors influence the strength of punishment and incentive is analyzed in this paper.