可持续发展目标下的清洁发展机制项目评价

Assessment of Clean Development Mechanism Projects under the Objective of Sustainable Development

清洁发展机制(CDM)是《京都议定书》规定的发达国家和发展中国家之间项目级的合作机制,CDM项目的目标之一是促进发展中国家的可持续发展。在京都议定书最终生效的背景下,CDM项目的开发与能力建设成为热点。本文基于多目标决策理论,讨论CDM促进可持续发展与否的评价方法。以国际最新的研究为基础,作者构建了CDM项目可持续评价的指标化体系,建立了评价过程,并将其应用到具体的案例———内蒙古辉腾锡勒风电CDM项目的评价中。研究可以为中国的CDM潜在项目的选择、比较和批准等实践活动提供定量的方法和思路。这对于中国成为CDM国际合作中的重要参与者以及促进中国的可持续发展都具有重要的意义。

The Clean Development Mechanism （CDM） adopted by Kyoto Protocol under UNFCCC provides an international cooperation mechanism based on projects between developed countries and developing countries, and it must promote sustainable development of developing countries. Against the background of ultimate ratification of Kyoto Protocol, China must grasp this valuable CDM opportunity to attract investnaent and advanced technology to promote China＇ s development as a country with huge CDM potential. The paper discussed the assessment methods based on the multi-attributive decision-making theory. Learning from the latest international new research, sustainability index system was constructed according to the meaning of sustainability, and here the baseline of CDM project will be the corresponding reference to ensure sustainability. Then the process of assessing CDM projects was discussed, concerning typical four steps, i.e. indicator defining, weighting the criteria using AHP or other methods, scoring CDM project, and aggregating the result. This assessment framework was applied into a case study, the wind generation farm in Huitengxile, Inner Mongolia, to accomplish the assessment. For each indicator, the score was determined and the aggregated score was weighted-summed as the total utility. The results show that because of the outstanding performance in knowledge expansion and capacity building, generation from renewable energy without fossil fuel consumption and pollution emission, promoting the local economic development, the Huitengxile wind farm has a score of more than 0.4. The paper provides a quantitative method for the selection, comparison and ratification of potential CDM projects. And it is very meaningful to help China become an important player in the CDM international cooperation and promote China＇ s sustainable development in the coming future. Finally, the potential improvement and further work was discussed, which mainly lies in the selection of indicators and the reference standard.