人工感染鸭病毒性肠炎急性病例细胞凋亡的电镜研究

Electron Microscopic Study on Apoptosis Induced by Duck Enteritis Virus in vivo

应用透射电镜和超薄切片技术观察鸭病毒性肠炎病毒(Duck Enteritis Virus,DEV)CH强毒株人工感染成年鸭各组织器官的形态学特征。结果表明,脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊、十二指肠固有层中淋巴细胞除了坏死变化外还有很明显的凋亡变化,两者往往同时存在。疾病过程中,淋巴细胞凋亡数量明显增多。凋亡细胞的形态学改变是细胞体积缩小,细胞器结构正常,染色质初期浓集成团,聚集于核膜的周边,随后出现染色质凝聚,核碎裂以及凋亡小体形成等现象。淋巴细胞的坏死和凋亡共同造成了淋巴细胞的大量损耗,淋巴细胞的这种变化可能在鸭病毒性肠炎的发病机制中起着重要的作用。研究结果表明DEV急性感染可诱导成年鸭体内淋巴细胞的凋亡。

Fifty Peking ducks aged two months were inoculated subcutaneously with a virulent field strain of duck enteritis virus. The morphology of cells of those infected ducks was observed using electron microscopy and ultrathin section techniques. The result make it clear that the lymphocytes in spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricus and in the lamina propria of small intestine undergo apoptosis and necrosis at the same time. At the process of the disease,the number of apoptotic cells increased steadily. The morphological changes of apoptosis including chromatin condensation and margination, appearance of vacuoles on the cytomembrane,and the formation of apoptotic bodies. The apoptosis and necrosis of lymphocytes resulted in the depletion of lymphocytes,and the apoptosis of lymphocytes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of duck viral enteritis.