黄早四在我国玉米育种和生产中的重要地位

The Important Position of Huang zao Si in Maize Breeding and Production in China

优良自交系黄早四是我国玉米育种和种子生产中最重要的骨干材料之一，它具有配合力高、植株紧凑、综合农艺性状好的突出特点，因而被广泛应用。近二十年来，由黄早四组配的杂交种，经省市以上审定推广的就有４２个，黄早四杂交种累计推广面积达６亿亩以上，每年种植面积在５千万亩以上，为我国玉米育种和生产作出了巨大的贡献。由它组配的玉米杂交种株型紧凑或半紧凑，我国紧凑型玉米杂交种的选育和高产栽培研究得到了很大的发展。黄早四还是我国重要的种质材料，一大批黄早四衍生系及其杂交种育成。本文还讨论了优良地方种质的重新筛选改良，杂种优势模式和建立自交系发放制度等问题。

Huang Zaosi is a quite distinguishing and the most important inbred line inmaize breeding and production in China. It has been widely used because of its high and stable combining ability, upright-leaf plant pattern, elite agronomical characters. Since 1975, 42hybrids,Huang Zao St and spred as a parent,have been examined and approved and Spred.Accumulative total planting area has reached over 40 million hectares. Huang Zao St hasmade great contribution to maize breeding and production in China. Research for high yieldcultivation and upright-leaf hybrid has been greatly developed in China because of utilizingHuang Zao St combinations. It is one of the mosf important germplasm materials in maizebreeding of China. Alot of inbred lines derived from Huang Zao St and new hybrids have beendeveloped quickly. In addition,improving elite local germplasm again,model of heterosis andestablishing system for releasing inbred lines were discussed.