油松种子园无性系球果性状的变异和空间变化

Variations and Spatial Changes of Cone Characters of Clones in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.Seed Orchard

根据卢氏和黑里河油松种子园结实初期和盛期共６年的球果材料，分析了球果性状在无性系间的变异及其空间变化规律．证实树冠垂直方向以轮层中部球果饱籽数最多，下部饱籽数较少，空籽数和败籽数较多，米籽数随机变异性较大．水平方向以开花期树冠迎风向球果的饱籽数较多，背风向则较少，空籽数和败籽数方向间的变化与饱籽数相反．水平方向的变化比垂直方向要小．卢氏种子园无性系间球果性状存在显著差异，黑里河差异不显著．无性系内分株间变异两个种子园均未达显著水平，多数性状在无性系内的方差分量小于１％．此外。

According to the data of cone analysis for 6 years in the initial period and fullcone period from Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. seed orchard in Lushi and Heilihe, the variations and spatial changes of cone characters of clones were analysed. The middle part bore the majority of the cones with filled seeds in the vertical direction of crowns, the lower part bore the minority of the cones with filled seeds, and the majority of the cones with emptied and aborted seeds ; the variations of rice-like seeds showed a tendency to randomize. The aspect facing wind during flowering period bore the majority of the cones with filled seeds in the horizontal direction of crowns, the aspect out of wind the minority, while the changes of emptied and rice-like seeds between different aspects were opposite to that of filled seeds.The changes of cone characters in the horizontal direction were less than the vertical direction. There were remarkable differences for cone characters between clones in Lushi seed orchard, without differences in Heilihe, and variations between ramets within clone had not come up to remarkable standard in these two seed orchards. In addition, the causes of clonal variations and spatial changes of cone characters were also discussed.