开发建设项目水土保持方案防治目标和重点

Objective and Emphasis of Soil and Water Conservation Program in Developing Constructional Project

该文以国家有关建立水土保持方案报告制度的法规为依据，从理论和实践的结合上阐述了开建设项目水土保持方案的特点和编制关键。明确指出《水土保持方案》应具备法律的强制性、以施工范围为核心的小区域性、实施单位的可操作性及对当地造成不利影响的补偿性４个特点。《水土保持方案》应包括施工区、影响区、保护区在内的防治范围。防治目标应为人为新增水土流失得到基本控制、原生地面水土流失得到有效治理、工程施工和运行得到安全防护及对当地经济发展有所促进。同时应以施工建设区、影响区人为水土流失及土地荒（沙）漠化防治为重点，并控制上游来洪、风口动力源、地表扰动和弃渣物质源。

According to national relevant laws,characteristics and the designing key of soiland Water conservation program in developing constrtictional project are expounded throtighcombining the theory with practice. It is clearly pointed out that the program should possesfOur characteristiCs,which is coerced by law, within a small range permmitted for construc-tion l feasibility,and compensability for local loss of unfavourable effect.he program oughtto include areas of construction,effect and protection,its objectives of preventiOn and controlare as follows,(1)the new formed man-made soil and water loss is controled basically:(2)the primary soil and water loss is harnessed effectively;(3)the project construction and o-preation is perotected securely;(4)the local economic development is promoted. Besides,theprevention and control of rnan- made soil and water loss and land desertification should betaken as the key;the flood from upper reaches,the power source of wind gap,the surface tur-bulence and the sediment source should be controlled.