砂岩山丘区坡改梯规划设计及其效益

Desing and Benefits of teh Engineering Which Transforms thes Slope Into Terrance in Arenaceous Hilly Area

实践证明，进行以坡改梯为中心的农田基本建设是砂岩山区“旱农”开发的最佳途径。按照目前旱作农业开发的技术要求和经济、技术条件，以及群众自力更生承包治理的承受能力，坡改梯必须坚持施工方便、省工、省料、进度快的小型工程设计标准。通过在泰安市砂岩山丘区５年的试验，结果表明：小型梯田可省工５０％，节省材料费４０％，治理速度提高近１倍；较坡耕地水保效益提高７５％以上，保肥效益提高８５％以上，汛期土壤含水率增加２８％左右，单位面积增产３０％，土地利用率提高４０％。经济效益的增加，调动了群众坡改梯的积极性，试验期内试区辐射面积５００ｈｍ２，全市推广面积近５０００ｈｍ２。

It ha;been proved that,the capital constrtictioii on farmland with stress on the en-gineering of transforming slolpe into terrance, is the best way for teh eveelcpment of dryland farming in arenaceous hilly area. According to the technical and eccomical limits of dryaland farming and the endurance of local pepople,the engineering must be designed maitaining the criterions of convenient, saving cost,quickly and small-scale. After five years testing in the arenaceous hilly are of Tai’an city ,the authors point out that small-scale terraces can save 50 percent of the engineering work,and 40 percent of material cost,the control speed can be risen by almost one more times. Cornpared with the cultivated slopeland,the benefits of soil and Water conservation can increase by more than 85 percent,the suil water content in flood season can increase by about 28 percent.the prodtictivity inLwrenses by 30 percent ,and the rate of land utililation increase by 40 percent.Thus,the econoimical benefit increase greatly andpeople’s initiative is enhainced.During the testing, the influential area of testing district is 500hm2,and it is spread to area of 5 000hm2 in Tai’an municipality.