籼粳杂交种F1农艺性状的基因型与播种期互作效应研究

Analysis of genotype × sowing date effects for some agronomic traits in F 1 hybrids of indical-japonica:

将配制的６×６籼、粳稻不完全双列杂交Ｆ１及其亲本在３个播期（早播５月２０日，中播６月１０日，迟播６月３０日）下试验，应用加性、显性与环境互作模型，分析籼粳交杂种９个主要农艺性状的遗传特点。结果：参试性状的加性方差、显性方差、加性×环境方差和显性×环境方差均达显著或极显著水平。亲本性状的加性效应值在粳型广亲和系父本和籼型不育系母本间相差较大，株高、抽穗天数、剑叶长、主穗长、主穗总粒数等性状，父本均比母本表现有更强的正效应。杂种性状的显性效应值以株高为强，其次为剑叶长、主穗长、主穗总粒数、抽穗天数和着粒密度。据对亲本的加性×环境互作效应估测，父本在株高、抽穗天数、剑叶长、主穗总粒数等性状上对环境的反应明显较母本强。杂种的显性×环境互作效应估计还表明，早稻可使株高、抽穗天数、剑叶长和主穗总粒数等性状产生部分的正互作，而迟播则增加负互作。

Six indica and six japonica lines were used in incomplete diallel crosses. The field experiment was carried out at three diffrent sowing dates (early 5/20, middle 6/10, late 6/30) in 1993. The genetic effects for agronomic traits were analyzed using additive-dominant × enviroment interaction modle. The results were indicated as follows: analysing of genetic variance components showed signficant additive × enviroment and dominant × enviroment as well as additive and dominantt effects for the tested traits. Predication of additive effects indicated that male parents had positive and female parents minus effects on plant height, days to heading, flag leaf length, main panicle length, and spikelet number of main panicle. Most hybrids had positive dominant effects on plant height, flag leaf lenght, main panicle length, spikelet number of main panicles, days to hesding and panicle density. For additive × enviroment effects, male perents were stronger than female ones for plant height, days to heading, flag leaf length and spikelet number of main panicles. For dominant × enviroment effects, the hybrids showed positive effects while sowing early and minus effects while sowing late on plant height, days to heading, flag leaf length and spikelet number of main panicles