含硫及含氯化肥对作物生长发育的影响与农田生态学效应

Effect of Application of Sulfate and Chloride Fertilizers on Crop Growth and Paddy Field Ecosysten

本文对水田阳离子肥料长期定位试验进行了观察和总结．研究表明，湘南水田长期施用含硫及含氯化肥对水稻生长的影响随年度和季节变化：ＳＯ肥料促进早稻返青和晚稻营养生长，Ｃｌ肥料提高晚稻经济产量．从１９８２年到１９９０年，水稻稻谷年产量随气候变化有两次明显的波降周期，并且九年间，两类阴离子肥料处理的水稻年均总干物质生产量相等，绿肥生长也无显著不同．然而，长年施用含硫及含氯化肥的小区具有明显的土壤生态学差异．

A long-term trial of anionic ferilizer application in paddy field in southem Hunan province has been dealedwith and summarized in the paper. Results of the trial show that the effects of sulfate and chloride fertilizers on rice growth vary with years and seasons: SO fertilizer can prompt seedling reviving of early rice andvegetative growth of late rice, while Cl- fertilizer can increase grain output of late rice. It was observed, from 1982 to 1990, that two obvious drops in the had had happened due to the yearly changes in climate; and that there were no differences in total dry matter yield of rice and in greenmanure growth between SO fertilizer and Cl- fertilizer treatments. However, obvious difference in soil ecological phase between these two fertilizer treatments was found in the trial.