三叶木通生物学特性研究

STUDIES ON BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AKEBIA TRIFOLIATA

在人工栽培条件下，研究了三叶木通（ＡｋｅｂｉａｔｒｉｆｏｌｉａｔａＫｏｉｄｚ）的生物学特性。结果表明，三叶木通一年内可萌发三次新梢。春梢和夏梢的生长期分别为１１０，１３０天左右，当年能进行花芽分化；秋梢因寒害多为枯尖死亡。其花期为３０天左右。雌花开花高峰略比雄花早，花后５周出现雌花及子房脱落高峰，座果率１３．５％，以二年生第１，２次攀援茎第３～２０节位座果为主，果实生长期１５０天左右。单株茎叶，果实生长与花芽、胚芽分化重叠明显，温度能促进茎叶生长，是影响三叶木通生长的第１位因素。日照是第２位影响因素。日照充足利于果实生长，适度郁蔽利于茎藤生长。

The biological characteristics of Akebia trifoliata was studied under artificialcultivation,The restilts showed that there were three times of new sprouting buds in annu-al growth preiod of Akebia trifoliata,the spring aiid summer shoots can get into the flowerbud differentiation in this year and its growth preiod was about 110 and 130 d respectivelybut the autumn shoots became a dead branch as cold wave influences:The florescence ofAkebia trifoliata was about 30 d and its blooming peak of female flower was little earlierthan male one;Blossoming after 5 weeks,the female flower and ovary droped.The per-centage of fruit setting was about 13.5%and the positions of fruit setting mainl are about the third to twentieth nodes of the first and second branches in old vear and the perlod of fruit growth was about 150 d.The phenomenon of overlapping growth was obivotis duringthe vine growth,the fruit growth,the flower bud and plumule differetiation;The tempera-ture was the first factor effecting Akebia trlfoliata growth and the illumination was thesecond One. Higher temperature advanced the growth of vine and leaves.The one moderatcover could accelerate growth of vine and leaves but the enough light resulted in an bettergenerative organ.