日本早期翻译儿童文学管窥

A Probe into Translated Children's Literature in Early Japan

日本早期翻译儿童文学兴起于明治中期,大致有四种形态:1、对成人文学的改编;2、法国沙尔.贝洛、德国格林兄弟、丹麦安徒生等人作品的改编与翻译;3、以“御伽噺”的形式移植世界各国的神话、传说和民间故事;4、以近代的长篇读物为主的创作型翻译作品。早期翻译儿童文学作品的主要表现形式有:1、固有名词的改译;2、用日文字母“假名”注释汉字;3、异国风物的日本化;4、文饰点缀;5、变更文体;6、省略与补充。本文还对岩谷小波等作家的译介活动作了评述,揭示了明治期翻译儿童文学的时代意义。

The translated children＇s literature in early Japan rose in the middle Meiji period, and was presented in four ways ： （1） the adaptation of the adult literature ; （2） the adaptation and translation of foreign literary works, including those written by Charles Perrault in France, Jacob ＆ Wilhelm Grimm in Germany, and Hans G. Andersen in Denmark, et al. ; （3） the transplantation of world mythologies, legends and folklores via the “Otogibanasi”, and （4） the pro-original translated works represented by modern voluminous readings. Major manifestations of the translated children＇ s literature in this period include ： （ 1 ） the re-translation of proper nouns ; （2） the annotation of Chinese characters with Japanese “kana” ; （3） the Japanization of foreign elements; （4） rhetorical modifications; （5） the change of styles, and （6） omission and addition. Also included in the thesis is the comment on the translation activities of Sazanami Iwaya and other Japanese writers, which elucidates the epochal significance of the translated Children＇s literature during the Meiji Period.