中西浪漫主义文学的主体性和理想问题

The Subjective and Ideal Problems of Chinese and Western Romantic Literature

18、19世纪,欧美出现了最壮丽的浪漫主义文学景观。与古希腊神话与以《西游记》为代表的浪漫主义神话不同,它是资本主义工业化生产方式激起人们开拓自然领域即以科学世界观为其前提的,既有无限的主体性,又是绝对内在的。拜伦、雪莱、欧文、库柏等的浪漫之作,精神与物质互为协调,客观写实因素随之加强;中国浪漫之作如《女神》,主体性无限扩大,精神溢出了物质。在理想问题上,西方浪漫之作常展现出理想化的社会图景,而中国屈原、李白所希望的是圣君贤相施以仁政,20世纪革命加恋爱的浪漫模式,其理想蓝图亦是抽象朦胧的。

The most splendid sight of European and American Romantic Literature appeared in 18th and 19th century. It is quite different from the romantic myth of ancient Greece and the representative story of Chinese （Travel to the West） .It is the capitalist industrialization mode that arose people to carve out the natural realm, to use scientific world outlook to think deeply. It has infinite subjects and utterly immanent world as well. The romantic works of Byron, Shelley, Irving and Cooper are assort with spirit and substance ,the factor of objective realities are strengthened; the Chinese romantic piece （Goddess） has its infinite principal parts with overflow spirit and substance. As for ideal problems western romantic works often shows an ideal social prospect, but what Qu Yuan and Li Bai expected was humanity politics carried out by sage king and his wise ministers. Up to 20^th Century, the romantic mode changed into revolution-amatory like, its ideal blue print is also abstract and obscure.