中国水稻害虫发生与防治研究进展

Recent Advances in Rice insects Control in China

本文介绍了我国水稻害虫发生的种类，主要稻虫的种群消长，对水稻危害的损失。在各个不同年代，通过研究和防治，总结出对抗虫品种评价与利用的研究发展迅速，新农药的试验开发效果明显。７０年代以来，按我国稻区生态条件和稻虫为害的特点，形成了江淮、太湖平原、川西平原、洞庭湖平原和珠江三角洲五大稻区的水稻病虫综合防治技术体系，主要技术路线是以农业防治为基础，抗性品种为主体，依靠经济防治指标，协调农药防治和利用天敌的措施，将害虫控制在经济允许水平之下。基于五大稻区的生态特点，开发出１０项关键性技术措施。近十年来已普遍在广大稻区应用推广，取得了明显的三大经济效益。有力地保证了水稻的高产与稳产。

Rice insects are the major constraint to rice production. More than 250 insect species have been found in rice field in China. The outbreak regularity, the epidemic forecast and the integrated management of major rice insect species were studied for different rice cultivated forms for the past decades.A good progress has been made in the studies and utilization of the variety resistant. Some of improved rice lines with genetic resistance have widely been grown. A network of screening pesticides was established in the 1980' s and hundreds of new insecticides were evaluated for different rice insects. A national IPM program was conducted in five rice growing regions in recent years. The IPM technical strategies have already been developed. Today , IPM technologies have been implemented at the farmer level in this country.