人的自由全面发展:读《德意志意识形态》

Human-being’s free full development: comment on The German Ideology

自由是人类共同追求的目标。与以往西方思想家相比,马克思恩格斯把现实中的人作为历史的前提和理论的出发点,创立了唯物史观,形成了他们自己的科学的自由观体系,并对历史上特别是阶级产生以来人类遭受的种种不自由现象进行了揭示和剖析。为了摆脱被奴役被束缚的状态,马克思恩格斯提出了发展生产力,扩大社会交往和消灭旧式分工与私有制等重要思想,为人的自由全面发展指明了正确的方向。

Freedom is our common aim. Compared with the previous western thinkers, Marx and Engels created the materialistic conception of history by considering the people in reality as the precondition of history and the starting point of the theory, developing their own scientific system of freedom, and therefore analyzed the sufferings of the non - freedom phenomena in the history, especially since the appearance of classes. To get rid of the sufferings, they came up with some important thoughts such as developing productive forces, enlarging social communication and eliminating the old - fashioned division of work and private ownership, which ultimately indicated the right way to the human -being＇s free and full development.