贵州乌江梯级水电站工程地质特征

Engineering Geological Features of Cascade Hydropower Stations Developed on The Wujiang River of Guizhou Province

乌江在贵州省境内的流域面积为66 849 km2、河长802 km、落差1 973.6 m,流域内碳酸盐类可溶岩占流域总面积的70%以上,岩溶十分发育,已开发、正在开发和拟定开发的梯级水电站的岩溶渗漏、岩溶涌水、岩溶地基及边坡与地下洞室围岩的稳定等问题均非常突出。笔者根据乌江流域各梯级水电站全过程的工程地质勘察实践,对已形成的一套完整的岩溶工程地质特征理论及方法与处理手段作了概略的归纳。

The area of basin, length and fall of the Wujiang River in Guizhou Province are 60, 849 km, 802km anu 1973. 6 m respectively. Soluble carbonate rock strata are more than 70 % of the basin area. Karst has developed in the engineering areas of cascade hydropower stations built, under construction or planned to build. There are many bad geological problems such as leakage, water gushing, un - stability of foundations, slopes and surrounding rock of tunnels and underground cambers. According to the practice of geological investigation in all cascade hydropower stations on the section Wujiang River in Guizhou Province the writer summarized a set of theory and method about the karst engineering geological features and treatment measures, and briefly introduces in the paper.