杂草地和苜蓿田节肢动物群落时序动态

Seasonal dynamics of arthropod communities in weed and alfalfa fields

2004年7月初至9月底,运用扫网法对山东省惠民县淄角镇棉田周边的杂草地和苜蓿田的节肢动物群落进行了调查,结果表明:(1)杂草地的节肢动物物种数多于苜蓿田,个体数则少于苜蓿田;烟蓟马是杂草地和苜蓿田的优势害虫。(2)对害虫、天敌和中性节肢动物这三个功能团物种数和个体数的比较表明,苜蓿田和杂草地天敌的物种数和个体数均长期大于害虫,中性节肢动物的变化则较大。(3)苜蓿田与杂草地节肢动物群落均表现出物种多、个体数量大、群落多样性指数高而且稳定的特点。(4)杂草地节肢动物群落时序动态可分为5个阶段,即:7月份1个阶段,8月份3个阶段,9月份1个阶段;苜蓿田节肢动物群落时序动态也可分为5个阶段,即:7月份3个阶段,8月份1个阶段,9月份1个阶段。

Seasonal dynamics of arthropod communities was investigated in both weed and alfalfa fields by sweep net method from early July to the end of September in 2004 in Zijiao Town, Huimin County, Shandong Province. The results showed that there were more arthropod species but less individuals in the weed field than in the alfalfa field. Thrips tabaci Lindemau was a dominant pest species in both fields. There were more species and individuals of natural enemies than those of pests in both fields during the period of investigation. There were abundant species and individuals of arthropod with high and stable diversity indices although the species and individuals of neutral arthropods varied greatly among the three functional groups in both fields. Seasonal dynamics of arthropod community was divided into 5 stages： One stage in July, three in August and one in September for the weed field; Three stages in July, one each in August and September for the alfalfa field.