6646例院前急救与转运患者的疾病谱研究

A Study of the Disease Chart among Pre-hospital First Aid and Transferred Patients-6646 Person Time Report

目的了解综合性医院院前急救与转运患者的疾病谱.方法对2003年用救护车送至我院的院前急救与转运患者的性别、年龄、就诊时间、急诊诊断或主诉、去向等进行调查分析.结果 1年内院前急救与转运患者6 646例,男女比为1.65∶1;年龄(40.18±21.05)岁;每天12∶00～15∶00和21∶00～24∶00为到院高峰时间;创伤、神经系统疾病、急性中毒、心血管系统疾病、消化系统疾病居前5位.前6位疾病为颅脑损伤、四肢或身体未特指部位损伤、脑出血、脑梗死、冠心病心绞痛或心梗、胸部心血管创伤;入院率为59.75%.结论 (1)新形势下急诊医学专业,特别是从事院前急救工作的医务人员的培训要以院前急救与转运患者的疾病分类和疾病谱为依据,根据疾病谱确立急诊学科的技术建设重点和人才培养方向;(2)提高院前急救水平对人类健康和急诊学科建设有重大意义,要重视男性的安全防范教育;(3)要根据患者的就诊高峰时间,科学合理地安排院前与院内急救工作.

Objective To study the disease chart among pre - hospital first aid and transferred patients in a comprehensive hospital. Methods Prospectively collecting data of pre - hospital first aid patients and patients transferred by ambulance from January 2003 to December 2003, analyzing the data i. e. sex, age, visiting time, emergency diagnosis or chief complaints, etc. Results Among 6 646 person time pre - hospital first aid and transferred patients, male to female ratio was 1.65 ： 1. The age was 40. 18±21.05. From 12：00 - 15：00 and 21 ： 00 -24：00 were the main peak time every day. Trauma, neuro - system diseases, acute poisoning, cardio - vascular diseases and digestive diseases, are the first five diseases. Trauma accounted for 45.9% of the total. The first six in the disease chart are brain trauma, limb or extremity injury, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, coronary heart disease （ angina or myocardial infarction） , and vessel injury in the chest. The admission rate is 59.75%. Conclusion This study supplies the newest data and theory basis for emergency medicine and pre - hospital first aid building and development. （ 1 ） In the new situations, the training for pre - hospital first aid staff should be based on the pre - hospital first aid disease catalogues and disease chart. According to emergency disease chart, strengthen the building of emergency medicine and set up aims for emergency technical development and personnel training. （2） It is significant to promote the pre - hospital first aid level for human health and emergency medicine building, and attach importance to safety education among males. （3） According to the density of emergency visits, scientifically arrange pre - hospital and in - hospital first aid.