多周期易腐库存模型及一种启发式算法

Inventory Model and Heuristic Procedure for Perishable Commodities Based on Multi-Period Planning

易腐物品的特点导致了求解其最优库存策略的复杂和困难.以易腐物品的订货量以及即将到期物品的销售价格为决策变量对长时期多阶段补充的库存系统建立了随机动态规划模型,并利用一启发式方法将长时期多阶段、不易求解的随机动态规划模型转化为易于求解的短时期单阶段的库存优化决策问题,求解了系统长期运行期望利润最大的库存策略.最后通过一算例对该启发式方法的有效性进行了分析.

The property of perishable commodities leads to the difficulties in solving its optimal inventory strategy. The stochastic dynamic planning model is established for long - time multi - period inventory system according to the order quantity of perishable commodities and selling price of mature commodities. A heuristic procedure is adopted to change the stochastic dynamic planning model into an optimal inventory strategy with shorttime single period. Therefore the inventory strategy which can realize the maximal expected profits for long - time running of the system is solved. At last an algorithm is used to analyze its validity.