不锈钢激光焊焊缝成形的数学模型

Numerical model of formation of laser seam for welding stainless steel

在304不锈钢的激光深熔焊中,通过工艺试验,研究了激光焊接工艺参数与焊缝形状参数之间的关系。采用二次通用旋转回归设计方法设计了试验方案。通过对试验数据的统计检验,求出了置信度较高的以功率、速度和离焦量为因子的熔池形状回归方程。通过相关性分析,揭示了各个因子对焊缝成形的影响规律。随着激光功率的增大,熔深、熔宽、束腰高、束腰宽都增加;焊接速度增加时,熔深、熔宽、束腰高、束腰宽都减小,熔宽到一定水平后不再减小,而熔深则一直减小;当离焦量由负离焦向正离焦转变时,熔深和束腰高都呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而熔宽和束腰宽则呈现出相反的趋势。当离焦量水平为0时,熔宽达到最小值。

During the laser welding stainless steel 304 with deep penetration,it reasearches the relationship between laser tchnique and seam shape based on the method of secondary general rotary regression design.Then a regression equation with high confidence was derived through analyzing the experiment results by using static methods ,in which the factors of laser power,welding speed and clearance between the focal point and surface were considered.The influence rules of various factors on the weld shape were investigated based on the correlation analysis.h was shown that the depth and width of penetration and the height and width of the weld waist were becoming larger with the increase of laser welding power.The depth and width of penetration and the height and width of the weld waist were becoming smaller when the welding speed was increasing,hut the width of penetration could keep constant after reaching a certain level while the depth of penetration was decreased.The depth of penetration and the height of weld waist first increased and then decreased with the value of the clearance between the focal point and surface changing from negative value to positive value.The varying tendency of the width of penetration and waist ,however,was opposite as comparing with the above condition.The width of penetration would reach the minimum value when the level of clearance was equal to 0.