HLA-DQA1、DMA、DMB基因与1型糖尿病的关联性研究

The Association of HLA-DQA1,DMA,DMB Gene Polymorphism with Type 1 Diabetes

目的探讨组织相容性复合体DMA、DMB和DQA1基因与中国人1型糖尿病的易患相关性。方法用聚合酶链反应和斑点杂交技术对研究对象的DMA、DMB和DQA1基因进行分型。结果DMA*0103和DMB*0103基因在1型糖尿病病人中的频率显著增高(P<0.01,P<0.05),与中国人1型糖尿病易患性正相关。DMA*0102和DMB*0101基因在对照中的频率显著增高(P<0.01),与1型糖尿病保护性正相关。DMA*0102和DMB*0101基因在携带DQA1*0501基因的对照中的频率显著增高,上述2个基因具有较强的保护性。结论对糖尿病患者与对照携带DMA、DMB易患性和保护性基因的情况进行研究发现:DMA、DMB易患性基因具有部分显性遗传的特点,DMA、DMB保护性基因则具有部分隐性遗传的特点,两者均具有累加效应。

Objective To study the relationship between human leucocyte antigen-DMA, DMB, DQA1 alleles and genetic susceptibility of type 1 diabetes in Chinese. Methods Polymerase chain reaction and dot blot hybridization techniques were used to detect DMA, DMB and DQA1 alleles of experimental subjects. Results DMA＊ 0103 and DMB＊ 0103 alleles were significantly increased in the patients of type 1 diabetes, these two alleles were related to genetic susceptibility. DMA＊ 0102 and DMB＊ 0101 alleles were significantly increased in the controls. These two alleles were correlated positively to protection of type 1 diabetes. The frequencies of DMA＊ 0102 and DMB＊ 0101 alleles were also increased in the controls with DQA1＊0501 alleles. Conclusion Distribution of DMA, DMB alleles in patients and controls show that DM susceptive alleles are somewhat “predominant”, while DM protective alleles are somewhat“recessive”, and both of their effects can be accumulated.