摘要
物理实验教学中常用测量方法的局限性,导致密立根油滴实验仅能满足定性或半定量分析的教学要求.通过在平衡电场上叠加一低频调制电场共同作用的实验技术改造,可以有效、准确地测量油滴荷电量和半径.根据调制电场中荷电油滴的动力学分析所获得的理论公式,阐明了调制场技术的实验操作及测量方法.由于该方法能有效地提高实验测量效率,因此有助于获得更多数据进行实验结果定量分析.
The limitation of traditional measurement method leads to difficulty in data analysis for Millikan oil-drop experiment, i. e. , just the qualitative or the semiquantitative analysis can be conducted. By superposing one modulated electric field on the equilibrium electric field, the electron charge and radius of the oil-drop are measured effectively. And the superposed electric field has the low frequency. Based on the kinetics formula for charged particle in modulated field, the experimental manipulation and measurement method are given. It shows that this method can improve the data acquisition and conduct the quantitative analysis for experiment result. Thus the experiment efficiency is improved.
出处
《物理实验》
2005年第10期7-9,13,共4页
Physics Experimentation
基金
国家基础科学人才培养基金支持项目
中山大学教学研究课题
关键词
密立根油滴实验
调制电场
电子电量
Millikan oil-drop experiment
modulated field
electron charge
