心脏界嵴的形态构造及其意义

Significance and morphological structure of terminal crest in heart

目的介绍心脏界嵴的解剖学、组织学、胚胎发生学特征及其临床意义。方法通过检索国内外文献资料,进行分析、整理和总结。结果界嵴是右心房恒定的解剖结构,其浅层为横行纤维,深层为纵行纤维。界嵴内含有少量P细胞。正常情况下窦房结的冲动沿界嵴纵向传导,病理情况下可出现横向传导,而导致各向异性折返,成为心房颤动的形态学基础。结论界嵴是窦房结的重要传导通路之一,在心房颤动、异位搏动等心律失常的发生和治疗中起具有重要意义。

Objective To introduce the characters of anatomy, histology and embryology about terminal crest and its clinic significance. Methods To nanlyze, clear up, and summarize the data by searching for correlative reference. Results The terminal crest was a invariablence anatomical structure of right atrium. It was made of horizontal fibers（superior layer） and vertical fibers（deep layer）. A few P cells were detected in all parts of crest. The impulsion of sinoatrial node was conducted along longitudinal direction of crest under normal circumstance, and it could be conducted along horizontal direction of crest under pathological circumstance which induced anisotropism reentry and became morphological basis of atrial fibrillation. Conclusion The terminal crest is one of important pathway of sinoatrial node,and it has a important significance about arrhythmic pathogeny and therapy.