制糖企业与糖料农户之间交易关系研究

The Trade Relationship between Sugar Refining Enterprise and Sugar Crop Farmers

本文从交易方式的角度，通过对糖料加工企业和原料采购市场结构的分析，探讨制糖企业与农户上下游部门间的协调机制对整个产业链竞争能力的影响。研究发现，糖料划区收购使得糖厂具有地域垄断特征，农户在交易中处于不利的地位。目前采用的订单糖料生产形式，在一定程度上较好地协调了两者的关系。但由于订单合约的不完全性，双方市场风险依然很高，都具有机会主义倾向，专用性资产投资不足。在交易成本很高的情况下，制糖企业不会实行一体化形式提高企业竞争力。

Focusing on market structure of sugar refining enterprise and sugar crop farmers, this paper studies the influences of different relationship between the upstream and downstream sectors on competitiveness of sugar industry. The results show that the sugar refining factory possesses monopoly power since in every region only local sugar refining factory can purchase sugar crops, farmers have dis- advantage in bargain. In some extent, the order-form could improve the relationship between enterprise and farmers. However, in many cases, because of the order＇s imperfection, enterprises and farmers face high market risks, there exist moral hazard, they lack stimulation on special asset investment. Under the background of high bargaining cost, sugar enterprises don＇t show interests in incorporation with farmers to enhance their competitiveness.