八至九世纪东罗马帝国的君权与教权之争

Disput between Monarchial Power and Religious Power in East Roman Empire from the Eighth to the Nineth Century

自君士坦丁一世始基督教在东罗马帝国获得了国教地位,随着帝国的政治经济发展,基督教的实力不断地增强,力图摆脱皇权的控制,帝国皇帝们的“至尊权”受到了教会的侵害,君权与教权之间产生了矛盾,自五世纪始,君权与教权之争愈演愈烈,到八至九世纪终于引发了一场大规模的政治运动,即破坏圣像运动。结果是在政治上强化了中央集权,明确了皇权对教会的控制;经济上增加了国家的收入;教会的土地大多落入军事贵族之手,促进了新兴封建主阶级的发展。

Ever since Christianity was established as the state religion in East Roman Empire in the Period of Constantins I, Christianity has been greatly strengthened constantly with the development in politics and economy snd tries to break off the control of the imperial power. Therefore, the absolute power of the emperors over Christianity was challenged, which led to the conflicts between the religions power and monarchial power. After the fifth century, the conflicts between the two powers became increasingly fierce, and from the eighth to the nineth century, a great political movement, the Movement of Damaging the Holy Pictures, broke out, As a resuit, the central power was strengthened, and it is defined that the monarchial power has control over the churches in politics. In economy, tax-payers and revenue were increased. The land of most churches fell to the hands of the militarY nobles, which promoted the development of the rising feudal landlord class,