绝经后高血压患者超声心动图的特征(英文)

Echocardiographic features of postmenopausal hypertensives

目的:研究绝经后高血压患者超声心动图的特征.方法:应用Acuson 128XP电脑声像系统对30例绝经后Ⅰ～Ⅱ级原发性高血压患者(病例组,PG)和10例年龄匹配的血压正常无心脏疾患的绝经后妇女(对照组,CG)进行了超声心动图检测.测量5个心动周期速度曲线测量值的平均值,以t检验和相关分析进行统计学处理.结果:与对照组比较,病例组具有下列超声心动图的特征:左房内径(LAID)和左室质量(LVM)较大,二尖瓣前叶舒张早期后向运动速度(EF斜率)和左室缩短速率(FS)较低,二尖瓣a峰(MVα)和三尖瓣a峰(TVα)较高,二尖瓣e峰(MVe)及二尖瓣e/a的比值(MVe/α)和三尖瓣e/a的比值(TVe/α)较低.相关分析表明,病例组的LAID、LVM与收缩期血压(SBP)呈正相关,LVM与舒张期血压(DBP)及高血压病程呈正相关.EF斜率与DBP呈负相关,MVe/α及TVe/α与SBP呈负相关,LVM与FS、EF斜率及MVe/α呈负相关,MVe/α与TVe/α呈正相关.结论:绝经后高血压患者可能更易发生舒张功能障碍.左室肥厚(LVH)是绝经后高血压妇女左室舒张功能障碍的独立危险因素.因此,对这类患者早期处理舒张期功能障碍以防止病情发展是十分必要的.

AIM： To study the echocardiographic features of postmenopausal hypertensives. METHODS：Echocardiographic measurement was performed by using an Acuson 128XP Sonographic Computer System （USA） in 30 postmenopausal patients with Grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ essential hypertension （patient group, PG） and 10 age - matched normotensive postmenopausal women without heart diseases （control group, CG ）.Measurement values were obtained by averaging the automatic measurements in 5 cardiac cycles. The t test and correlation analysis were made to analyze the data. RESULTS： Compared with CG, the echocardiographic features in PG were as follows： left atrial internal dimension （LAID） and left ventricular mass （LVM） were larger; the movement velocity of mitrial valve during the early diastolic period （EFs）and fractional shortening （FS） were lower; the peak velocity of the ventricular filling at mitrial valves while atrium contracts （MVa） and the peak velocity of the ventricular filling at mitrial valves while atrium contracts （TVa） were higher; the peak velocity of the early ventricular filling at mitrial valves （ MVe）, the ratio of the peak velocity of the early ventricular filling to the peak velocity of the ventricular filling while atrium contracts at mitrial valves （MVe/a） and the ratio of the peak velocity of the early ventricular filling to the peak velocity of the ventricular filling while atrium contracts at tricuspid valves （TVe/a） were lower. The significant results drawn from correlation analysis of PG showed that LAID and LVM were positively correlated to systolic blood pressure （SBP）; LVM was positively correlated to diastolic blood pressure （DBP） and the duration of hypertension （HD）; EFs was negatively correlated to DBP; MVe/a and TVe/a were negatively correlated to SBP; LVM was negatively correlated to FS, EF slope and MVe/a; MVe/a was positively related to TVe/a. CONCLUSION： Hypertension is a determinant of cardiac impairment in postmenopausal hypertensives who are more susceptible to diastolic dysfunction. LVH might be an independent risk factor for diastolic dysfunction. Thus, early treatment for diastolic dysfunction is necessary in these patients to prevent from getting worse.