桔梗中三萜皂苷的分离与结构鉴定

Isolation and identification of triterpenoid saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.

目的分离、鉴定桔梗[Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.]根中的皂苷类化学成分.方法采用乙醇提取、乙酸乙酯萃取、大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱等方法进行分离,得到5个化学成分,通过IR、MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR等光谱法分析,鉴定化合物的结构.结果分离鉴定了5个三萜皂苷类化合物,它们分别为:deapio platycodin D(Ⅰ)、deapio platycodin D3(Ⅱ)、platycoside A (Ⅲ) 、platycoside F(Ⅳ)以及3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin(Ⅴ).结论化合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ均为已知化合物,化合物Ⅴ是首次从该植物中分得的天然产物,也是首次从桔梗中分离得到的单糖链糖苷.

Aim To isolate triterpenoidal saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum （Jacq.）A. DC. and to identify their structures. Methods The compounds were separated by means of solvent extraction, chromatography on silica gel, MPLC and HPLC, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analyses（FAB-MS, IR, ^1H-NMR, 613C-NMR etc. ）. Results Five triterpenoidal saponins were isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. They were elucidated as deapio platycodin D（ Ⅰ ）, deapio platycodin D3（ Ⅱ ）, platycoside A（ Ⅲ ）, platycoside F（ Ⅵ ）and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin（ Ⅴ ）, respectively. Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ - Ⅴ are known as triterpenoidal saponins. The compound Ⅴ is isolated firstly from the plant as a natural product, which is also the first monodesmoside from the plant.