突破生物材料低温保存技术瓶颈的仿生学途径评价

Evaluation on Bionic Approaches for Overcoming Technical Bottlenecks of Cryopreserving Biological Samples

低温冷冻是实现生物材料长期保存的重要方法,但迄今已有的低温技术途径对于复杂的细胞、组织、器官乃至生命个体等生物学对象的保存仍无能为力。借鉴冬眠动物天然的耐寒机理,有望建立起崭新的生物材料低温冻存技术。对动物抗寒机理中与低温保存密切相关的若干重要问题进行了剖析,指出其中对低温保存具有重要参考价值的研究方向,并提出了发展新型低温保存策略的一些设想。可以预见的是,效法自然,发展仿生型低温保存技术,将成为今后突破传统技术瓶颈最有前景的方向之一。

Cryopreservation has been a significant route for a long-term preservation of the biomaterials. However, for those cells, tissues, organs with complex structures and living objects, there has been still no an ideal way for their successful cryopreservation up to now. Through imitating the cold tolerance mechanisms of the hibernation creatures in nature, it is possible to establish brand new methods for cryopreserving the biomaterials. In this paper, some important issues raised from interpreting the cold tolerance mechanisms closely related with the cryopreservation were comprehensively evaluated. Several worth of pursuing directions thus inspired for the cryopreservation were pointed out. Moreover, some new specific strategies for developing a successful cryopreservation method were proposed. It can be anticipated that, the bionic way inspired by nature would consist of one of the most promising strategies to overcome the technical bottleneck of the traditional cryopreservation methods.