苹果园昆虫群落生态优势度研究

Study of the Ecological Dominance of Insect Communities in Apple Plantations.

昆虫群落是由数个昆虫(害虫、天敌)种群组成的松散结构单元,但在群落中的诸多种群中,往往由少数种群控制整个群落而被称为生态优势种(ecological dominant),它们决定着群落内较大范围的生境条件,而且这种条件也是与之相结合的其它种群生长所必需的。生态优势种在与其环境和与其它种群关系中有着生态上的高度融合,在群落系统中,若把生态优势种群去掉,整个群落结构及群落生境将会引起重要变化,而去掉一个非优势种或稀有种,群落所能产生的变化很小或几乎不会引起变化,因此,描述群落中各个种群的作用和地位十分重要。生态优势度(ecologica; dominance)则从群落整体把每一个种群的重要性归纳总结为一个合适的度量值。

The ecological dominance of insect communities in apple plantations were measured in the paper. The application of ecological dominance in insect communities structure and succession; relation and difference of ecological dominance, species deversity and community evenness were studied.