心脏瓣膜置换术后抗凝治疗的健康教育研究

Effect of Anticoagulative Education on the Patients Receiving Anticoagulative Drug Treatment

目的:探讨少数民族地区进行抗凝教育对接受心脏换瓣术后患者生存质量的影响.方法:对96例接受抗凝药物治疗的换瓣术后患者采用以集体授课为主、单个指导为辅、鼓励看书自学的方式实施心脏换瓣术后抗凝教育培训,并对能够进行电话联系的患者定期给予抗凝治疗指导.结果:受试者在教育培训前的知识总评分(4.82±0.51)分,教育后为(9.37±0.45)分,P<0.05,有显著性差异.自我管理能力改善情况:教育前患者的自我管理能力评分(4.32±1.19)分,教育后为(9.53±0.20)分,P<0.05,因此抗凝教育知识培训效果是很显著的.32例无法定期指导抗凝治疗的患者中有两位发生血栓形成的并发症.结论:教育是提高患者对治疗的依从性和自我管理能力的有效途径.少数民族地区的患者教育水平普遍偏低,对多媒体以图像为主的教学能较好接受,对文字教育的接受程度较低.

Objective： To study the effect of anticoagulative education on the patients receiving anticoagdative drug. Methods： 96 cases of patients who were performed heart valve replacement procedures were trained in 3 different ways： group education, individual education and themselves- education in the hospital for 3 to 4 weeks by a team of medical staff . Results： The average test score was （9.37 ± 0.45） after education and higher than before education （4.82 ± 0.51）P 〈 0.05. The self- care skill and knowledge such as self-monitor of bleeding and PT were improved P 〈0.05. Conclusion： Education is an important approach for the patients who received the cardiac operation for learning anticoagulative knowledge and improving the ability of self - management, There is a gocd result for those patients who received multiplemedia education.