南极淡水分离出的菌物

NOTES ON SOME FUNGI ISOLATED FROM FRESHWATER IN ANTARCTICA

本文报道从南极乔治王岛所采11个水样中分离出的菌物98株,初步鉴定出17属21种,其中6属(Acremonium,Arthrinium,Gliocladium,Phoma,Scopulariopsis,Ulocladium)13种为南极新记录,后者是:桃色顶孢Acremonium persicinum(Nicot)W.Gams,密顶孢A.strictum W.Gams,构巢曲霉Aspergillus nidulans(Eidam)Winter,聚多曲霉Asp.sydowii(Bainier & Sart)Thom & Church,芽枝状枝孢Cladosporium cladosporioides(Fries)de Vries,长孢被孢霉Mortierella elongata Linnemann,桔灰青霉Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx,平滑青霉Pen.glabrum(Wehmer)Westling,鲜绿青霉Pen.viridicatum Westling,白瓶霉Phialophora alba v.Beyma,帚状瓶霉Ph.fastigiata(Lagerberg & Melin)Conant,纸状葡萄穗霉Stachybotrys chartarum(Ehrenberg ex Link)Hughes,和葡萄状单隔霉Ulocladium botrytis Preuss。温度试验表明:这些菌虽多为世界广布种,但已适应南极地区寒冷的气候。

Ninety eight fungal isolates have been secured from 11 freshwater samples which were collected by Professor WEI Jiang-Chun from the Antarctic King George Island in 1984. Seventeen genera and 21 species of fungi have been identified, among which 6 genera (Acremonium, Arthrinium, Gliocladium, Phoma, Scopulariopsis, Ulocladium) and 13 species are new records for Antarctica. The new records are as follows: Acremonium persicinum (Nicot) W. Gams, A. strictum W. Gams, Aspergillus nidulans (Eidam) Winter, Asp. sydowii (Bainier & Sart) Thorn & Church, Cladosporium cladosporioides ( Fries) de Vries, Mortierella elongata Linnemann, Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx, Pen. purpurescens (Sopp) Biourge, Pen. viridicatum Westling, Phialophora alba v. Beyma, Ph. fastigiata ( Lagerberg & Melin) Conant, Stachybotrys chartarum ( Ehrenberg ex Link) Hughes, and Ulocladium botrytis Preuss. Twenty one species of 30 isolates can grow well at 3 ℃ , 7 ℃ , 10 ℃ and 16 ℃ . However, for Acremonium strictum W. Gams, Aspergillus versicolor (Vuillemin) Tiraboschi, Chrysosporium pannorum (Link) Hughes, and Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx the growth is nil at 30 ℃ for 4 days. The appearing frequency of Mortierella alpina Peyronel, Chrysosporium pannorum (Link) Hughes, and Phialophora alba v. Beyma is 7.1%, 5.1%, and 4.0% respectively, of the rest are less than 3.0%. It indicates that they are the dominant species of this area.