赤眼蜂寄生行为研究V─子代数量的逐日分配

STUDY OF PARASITIZING BEHAVIOR OF TRICHOGRAMMA (V)-FEMALE’S DAILY PROGENY ALLOCATION

本文研究了三种赤眼蜂（稻螟赤眼蜂、拟澳洲赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂）在正常繁殖条件下的逐日子代分配情况，以及雌蜂产卵前补充营养与雌蜂寿命和子代分配的关系。研究结果表明，在寄主卵充足的情况下，赤眼蜂的雌蜂主要将卵分配在羽化后的头两天内产完，而其产卵高峰（产卵数约占总卵量的90％以上）在羽化后的第一日，第二日产卵量仅在10％左右，第三日产几粒卵甚至不产卵，产完卵后大部分雌蜂随即死亡。赤眼蜂无论是以群体形式寄生还是以个体形式寄生，雌蜂的繁殖力和逐日的子代数量分配，均没有显著差异。雌蜂产卵前是否补充过营养对雌蜂的产卵量和有效仔蜂数量的影响，存在种间差异。某些种类（如拟澳洲赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂）的雌蜂，经卵产前补充营养，繁殖力有所增加；而另一些种类（如稻螟赤眼蜂）的雌蜂，经产卵前补充营养。产卵量并无明显增加。三种赤眼蜂的雌蜂在产卵前经补充营养（15％蜜糖液）后，均未发现产卵天数和雌蜂寿命有显著增加，雌蜂是否产完卵可能是决定雌蜂寿命的一个重要原因。本文尚对寄生蜂补充营养的时间和营养量等问题进行了讨论。

Daily progeny number allocation of three species of Trichogramma(T.japoicum,T.confusum and T.decdrolimi)and the effect of nutrition supplement before oviposition(NSbO)with15% honey solution on female’s life span and progeny allocation were reported in this paper.When host eggs(Corcyra cephalonica)were abundant the female wasps of Trichogramma(T.japonicum,T.confusum and T.dendrolimi)allocated their whole eggs to the first 2 days after emergence and the ovipositional peak(more than 90% of whole egg capacity)was in first day.The females died soon after their eggs had been laid over.It seems to be that the eggs of mother waspswhether exhausted was one of the important factors for determining the female’s life span.Therewas no obvious increase of the durati0n of egg-laying and life span of female adu1ts when theyhad been fed with 15% honey solution before oviposition.The effect of NsbO was different forvarious Trichogramma species,for some species(T.confusum and T.dendrolimi)the female’s fecundity was improved through NsbO while for other species(T.japonicum)there was no distinctchange.