北方粳稻分子育种研究进展

Progresses on Molecular Breeding for Northern Japonica Rice

本文介绍了北方粳稻分子育种课题的研究情况和所取得的研究成果。目前主要进行两方面的研究,一方面为特异基因型的鉴定:主要有筛选鉴定出抗旱性材料86份,苗期抗寒性材料40份,后期抗寒性材料629份,抗稻瘟病材料28份,对筛选出的抗旱性材料进行了第二轮聚合杂交,共配组合171个。另一方面是关于遗传与生理基础研究,对穗部性状、粒形、产量和品质以及它们之间的关系进行了深入的研究。另外本文对北方粳稻分子育种材料构建过程中存在的问题进行了综合讨论,并讨论北方粳稻分子育种今后的发展方向。

The history and achievements of the viewed. At present, 86 drought resistance materials, 40 molecular breeding for northern japonica rice were recold resistance materials at seedling stage, 629 cold resistance materials at late growth stage and 28 blast resistance materials were selected fi＇om 3 000 materials of backcrossing and inbred, and 171 crossing combinations were constructed between 86 selected drought resistance materials. On the other hand, genetic and physiological basic was studied, panicle traits, grain type, grain yield, quality and their relationships were studied by using some varieties and lines. In addition, the breeding method of the construction of molecular breeding materials for northern japonica was summarized, and the trend of the molecular breeding of the northern japonica rice was discussed in this paper.