目标设置理论中的未来时间洞察力

Future Time Perspective in Goal Setting Theory

制定和评价未来目标、计划实施目标和预期活动结果的能力,是个体最优秀的特质之一.而目前目标设置理论并没有充分重视未来时间洞察力的建设.未来时间洞察力是运用时间内隐理论,现在时刻个体计划组织未来目标、预期解释和构造未来的一种人格特质.其任何维度都含有个体目标设置的成分.未来时间洞察力的结构有多种模型,测量方法也多种多样,对个体动机和行为有深刻的影响.目标设置理论中未来时间洞察力的研究还存在一些问题,但其在管理、教育、临床、人格养成等领域的重要性越来越大.

The ability of making and appraising his goals of future, planning to implement the goals and anticipating his activity result is one of an individual＇s most outstanding specialties. Psychological theories nowadays, however,are not been paid sufficient attention to the construction of future time perspective. Future time perspective is a personality trait of individual using implicit theory of time to plan and organize future events, and anticipate, explain and construct his own future at present. Any degree of future time perspective is linked to the composition that the individual goals attain. There are many kinds of structural models and measure methods. Future time perspective has deep effects on individual＇s motive and his behavior. There are still existing prob- lems in future time perspective researches of goals getting theory, but it will be more and more important in management, education, clinic, personality-forming field.