略论王阳明的“致良知”

On Wang Yangming's " the Extension of Innate Knowledge "

“致良知”的思想是王阳明思想中具有贯穿整体意义的学说,它是在批评程朱的过程中提出的。在这里良知上升到了本体的高度,有了多层次的规定,是是非的标准,德性的本原和意义世界的根据。良知是吾性具足的,致良知的功夫只是去良知所受之蔽。致良知以“天地万物本吾一体”的观念为其出发点和归宿,良知的发用流行是一个有先后远近的向外推行的过程,其中有着总体宇宙关怀和终极人文关切。

“The Extension Of Innate Knowledge”is the central theory of Wang Yangming＇s learning of the mind-heart. It is posted through criticizing “Cheng and Zhu”. In the theory, innate knowledge is raised to original substance, which meaning has several grades. The innate knowledge became the standard of right and wrong, the origin of virtue and the basis of the meaning world. Innate knowledge is full in one heart, so the effort of the extension of innate knowledge is only to eliminate the covering of one heart. “Regarding all things as one body” is the theory＇ s starting-point and destination. The extension of innate knowledge is a course from near to far, in which has the cosmological and human istic concern.