胎儿下颌骨及相关组织发育解剖研究

Anatomical study on development of jaw and related structure in fetus

目的了解中国人胎儿下颌骨及邻近血管和神经的发育状况。方法选择41例正常受精龄10～38周胎儿标本,取出其上、下颌骨作大块连续切片,采用HE染色观察下颌骨及下牙槽神经血管的发育情况。结果胎儿受精龄10周时下颌骨及下牙槽神经血管束即开始发育,Meckel软骨在胎龄20周时开始吸收,首先从舌侧开始,至25周时吸收基本结束。结论国人下颌骨及下牙槽神经血管束发育进度和情况与下颌骨、下牙槽血管、神经增生和发育同时进行,牙胚发育与牙槽骨、下牙槽神经血管发生的关系密切。

Objective To understand the development of jaw and related blood vessel and nerves in Chinese fetus. Methods 41 normal fetus were selected with gestational age range from 10 to 38 weeks. Maxilla and mandible bones were taken and treated with serial big pieces section, then developing condition of inferior alveolar artery and nerve were observed. Results Mandible bone and inferior alveolar artery and nerve started developing in week 10, Meckel＇s cartilages started being absorbed from tongue side in week 20 and ended in week 25. Conclusion Development of tooth germ has close relation with occurrence of alveolar bone and inferior alveolar artery and nerve.