环境防卫权辨析

A Study of Environmental Defense Right

环境防卫权与刑法中的正当防卫在防卫的起因条件、时间条件、对象条件等方面存在差别,因此不可以混同。环境防卫权基本构成要件有防卫的起因是环境侵权行为,防卫的主体是受环境污染等环境侵权行为影响的公民、法人或其他组织,环境防卫的时间条件是危险状态仍然存在时即可实施防卫行为,防卫对象是实施侵害行为的主体,包括自然人和法人,在防卫限度上是主体行使权利时不得越出权利的控制边缘。公民的环境防卫权需要立法加以明确。

Environmental defense right differs greatly from justifiable defense in such fields as cause condition, time condition, object condition and etc. Environmental defense right has the following basic constructive requirements： the cause of defense is environmental act of tort; self -defenders include citizen, artificial person, and other organizations influenced by environmental act of tort; the time condition is the period of existence of danger state; the object of defense is the subject who commits act of tort, including natural person and artificial person; the degree of defense is confined within the measures or means to control or prevent act of tort. All the aspects of environmental defense right should be clearly regulated by law.