结肠良性肿瘤的病理特点与发病规律

Pathologic character and regularity of benign colonic neoplasm

目的探讨结肠良性肿瘤的病理特征及其发病规律,以提高结肠镜的使用效益和减少不必要的误诊和漏诊。方法对4943例有消化系统症状的病人行结肠镜检查时发现的结肠良性肿瘤,按性别、年龄、发生部位、病理学结果等因素进行分析。结果共检出结肠息肉1359例,占27.5%;男性为33.3%,高于女性的21.6%;检出率随年龄增长而逐渐增加,检出高峰在60岁年龄组;其发病规律和病理特征在不同性别间存在明显差异。结论结肠息肉是年龄相关性疾病;其发病规律和病理特征与性别有关;对息肉状病变应重视其病理学检查,逐个取活检,以减少不必要的误诊和漏诊。

[Objective] To approach the pathologic character and the regularity of benign colonic neoplasm in order to raise the utilizing efficiency of complete colonoscopy and reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. [Methods] The benign colonic neoplasms found when 4 943 subjects with symptoms of alimentary system were checked up with complete colonoscopy studied to find the relation with gender, age, location and pathology. [Resuits] A total of 1 359 （27.5%） subjects had colonic polyps. The detection rate was 33.3% in male,which was higher than in female （21.6%）, and increased with the age. The tops of the detection rates of colonic polyps in both genders were in the groups of 60 years old. There was significant difference in the pathologic character and the regularity of them between male and female. [Conclusion] Colonic polyps are age-associated diseases. Their pathologic character and regularity are associated with gender. It is very important to biopsy for every polyform pathological lesion in order to reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.