婴幼儿重症肺炎高危因素分析

Analysis of high-risk factors of infant with severe pneumonia

目的探讨婴幼儿重症肺炎的危险因素.方法对2003年6月～2004年6月住院的369例婴幼儿肺炎进行病例对照分析.结果在单因素分析中,达到显著性水平的危险因素为年龄、先天性心脏病、营养不良、生活环境不良、家庭有兄弟姐妹、反复感染史、多重耐药菌株、既往严重感染和贫血.Logistic多元回归分析显示,重要的有统计学显著意义的重症肺炎危险因素为年龄、先天性心脏病和生活环境不良.结论患有肺炎的婴幼儿若具备以下高危因素之一:年龄≤3个月、有先天性心脏病、生活环境不良,应加强监护和防治,以降低病死率.

Objective To investigate the high-risk factors of infant with severe pneumonia. Methods Three hundreds and sixty-nine inpatients with severe infantile pneumonia were admitted from Jun. 2003 to Jun. 2004 for controlled analysis. Results In single factor analysis, the following factors were proved to be significant：age, congenital heart diseases, malnutrition, bad habitation, having brothers and/or sisters, history of repeating infection, multiple antibiotic resistant strains, previous severe infection and anaemia. The results of Logistic multiple regression analysis show that among statistically significant factors, age, congenital heart diseases, and bad habitation were relatively important. Conclusion infants with pneumonia should be intensively monitored and actively treated for decreasing mortality if having one of the following high-risk factors： aged less than 3 months, congenital heart diseases, bad habitation.