中国古代社会性质问题研究综述

A Summary of Studies on the Social Character of Ancient China

中国古代社会性质即中国奴隶制问题自20世纪20年代末讨论以来,聚讼纷争,至今尚无定论。其讨论大致分四个阶段:第一阶段围绕中国社会史问题;第二阶段围绕古史分期;第三阶段形成"三论五说"八种不同意见;第四阶段"中国未经奴隶社会论"再度兴起。综观80年的讨论历程,有些问题值得认真反思:首先,应将政治界限同学术分歧区别开来;其次,要辩证地看待革命导师的意见,破除教条主义;最后,中国古代社会性质讨论仍需用民主讨论的方法进一步推向深入。

There have been tierce controversies since 1920s on the slave system, the social character of ancient China. The controversies experienced four stages：controversies on Chinese social history;controversies on division of Chinese ancient history; controversies which evolved eight different opinions; controversies which drew a conclusion that China didn＇ t experience slave society. A summary of studies on the social character of ancient China indicates as follows： Academic disagreements should be distinguished from political stands; Revolutionists＇ ideas should be embraced dialectically and dogmatism should be done away with; controversies over the social characer of ancient China have to be carried on further democratically.