中国古代农事诗概述

A Summary of Chinese Ancient Poems on Farming

农事诗是古代思想文化的载体,是古代农业教育的重要形式,是统治者实施管理的有效途径,是珍贵的信史资料。从《诗经》到清末,农事诗的发展可分为三个阶段:先秦,以周原贵族巡田、祭祀、祈求丰年为主,更多地传递出官方信息;汉至唐,以文人士子描绘田园美景为主,是田园诗产生、发展并在艺术上达到最高峰时期;宋元明清,是农技诗与田园诗共同繁荣的阶段,农技诗的出现,表明农业在诗歌中的地位由被动的从属地位上升到主动的主体地位。

Poems on farming which carry ancient ideology and culture are important in agricultural education and management of ancient China. The few researches on poems of farming are a mixture of agricultural science, historical science and literature. Ancient poems on farming from“The Book of Songs” to the end of the Qing Dynasty developed at three stages： Poems on fanning in the Pre-Qin Days about aristocrats＇ inspection of the farmland, sacrificial offerings and news from government sources; Poems on farming in the Han and Tang Dynasties about rural scenery which symbolize the summit of pastoral posetry;Poems on farming in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties about agiricultural technology whose appearance indicates that agriculture in poems changes from the passive position to active position.