摘要
目的对4起疫情较为严重的学校甲3型流感爆发疫情,分析研究其流行特征和不同控制措施效果,探讨科学有效的控制措施。方法采用回顾性调查和现况调查的流行病学调查方法收集资料,用Epi Info软件进行数据处理。对病人标本采用RT-PCR方法进行实验室快速诊断。结果4起甲3型流感爆发疫情罹患率分别为20.43%(D)、11.72%(C)、9.37%(A)和4.08%(B),罹患率间差异有显著性。4起疫情分别发生在2月(A)、5月(B)、9月(C)和12月(D),病例以15岁以下年龄人群为主,首发病例/指示病例所在班级病例较为集中。A、C、D 3起疫情报告不及时,C、D两起疫情对病人的隔离措施落实不彻底,A、B两起控制效果较好。结论2004年某省流感爆发疫情均为甲3型,提示甲3型流感病毒变异活跃,应开展该省流感监测毒株和爆发毒株的抗原性和基因特性研究。所有流感爆发疫情均发生在学校,学校流感的预防将是控制流感疫情的关键。责任报告单位及报告人的法制意识和疫情报告的敏感性亟待加强。
Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics and the difference effect of control measures, and to search the scientific and effective control ways. Methods Retrospective study and cross-sectional study were carried out to collect data with Epi info software disposed samples, which was tested by RT-PCR method for rapid diagnose. Results Attack rates of four influenza A outbreaks were 20.43 %, 11.72 %, 9.37 % and 4.08 % respectively. The differences in attack rate had statistic significance. Four outbreaks occurred in Feb （A）, May （B）, Sep （C）, Dec （D）. The cases under aged 15 were the main occurrence. The reports of A, C, D outbreaks weren＇t in time, while C, D control measures hadn＇t been quite executed. The control effect of A, B was better. Conclusions All influenza outbreaks were type Ⅲ （H3N2） in a province in 2004, which indicated that the variation of influenza Ⅲ （H3N2） virus was active. All influenza outbreaks occurred in school, it was important to control influenza influence in school. The proved urgently. of law and the sensitivity of the outbreak reports should be improved urgently,
出处
《疾病控制杂志》
2005年第6期584-587,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention
关键词
流感
爆发
回顾性研究
控制
Influenza
Outbreak
Retrospective study
Control
