浅析先秦儒家“信”的思想

On Honesty of Confucianism's Thoughts

儒家思想将仁、义、礼、智、信视为人的天性,孔子、孟子、荀子等都重视对“信”的思想的阐释。概括言之,信就是保证自己承诺的真实性,具体有守信之信、等级之信、人伦之信、宽仁政之信、交易之信等。就本质上讲,儒家思想的“信”是为仁义服务的,依附于伦理思想,是历史经验与现实社会相融合的结晶,反映在法律上就是不嗜杀人、同罪异罚非刑也、宽猛相济、无诉思想、反对不教而诛和父子相隐、君臣相隐等。但是,儒学者在阐释“信”的思想时突出了精神信念对人的作用,在一定程度上含有唯心的成分。

Human nature consisted of mercy,morality,politeness,cleverness and honesty in the system of the Confucianism＇s thoughts. Mr kong,Meng,Xun demonstrated the honest theory. In a word, honesty meant the truth of honour, unequal honesty,moral honesty, charismatic honesty, communicative honesty and so on. Confucianism＇ s philosophers demonstrated ＂the honesty＂ for the purpose of mercy and morality. The honest thoughts were from historical experience and present society. The law regulated that unfree punishment, different punishment for the same crime, charismatic and punches, anti - procedural thoughts, kill without teaching and confidentiality betWeen father and son, lord and slave, according to the Confucianism＇s honest thoughts. The Confucianism＇ s philosophers emphasized the spiritual function, so their thoughts about ＂honesty＂ were idealistic partly.