权利还是自由?——对流浪乞讨的反思

Rights or Freedom ? ——The Thoughts of Roaming about Begging

根据权利的构成要件,“流浪乞讨”是以牺牲乞讨者的人性尊严为代价来换取个人的生存,丧失了行为的正当性,因此,不是一种权利。同时,根据霍菲尔德的“权利分析理论,”“流浪乞讨”缺乏对应的义务主体,因此,只是一种自由。从各国对流浪乞讨的保护程度来看,流浪乞讨的自由不得损害其他人的合法权利和公共利益,所以设立一定范围的“禁乞区”是正当的。但是,社会主义国家不允许流浪乞讨作为一种制度性的存在,国家应当通过社会保障制度来逐步消除这种现象。

According to the key to t he rights, the roaming about begging is to sacrifice beggars＇ personal dignity at the price of exchanging their personal survival . They lose their action justice.However it is not a kind of right . At the same time based on Huofield＇s analyses theory on rights , begging of roaming about lacks corresponding duty subjects . It＂ s a kind of freedom . To the extent of begging protection in the world, the freedom of begging mustn＇t harm other people＇s legal rights and public interest so that setting up a forbidden zone to the begging is justified . The socialist countries don＇t permit the begging as a system existence.They should eliminate the phenomenon step by step through social assurance system .