闽江上游不同土地利用方式水土流失特征与动态变化

The Characteristic and Dynamics of Soil and Water Losses in Different Land-use Types in the Area of North Fujian

通过对闽江上游地区的降雨分布特征,不同土地利用方式的水土流失动态的研究,结果表明:不同土地利用方式年产流量和土壤流失量的大小顺序均为对照>果园>锥栗>杉木林。对照土壤侵蚀模数超过5000t·km-2·a-1,属严重土壤侵蚀强度范围,而其它土地利用方式土壤侵蚀模数均小于200t·km-2·a-1,属正常侵蚀范围。因此良好的植被覆盖或具有一定植被同时采取合理的水土保持措施的土地利用方式可以有效的防治水土流失。

Base on the study of the distribution of precipitation, dynamics of soil erosion in different land-use types, the results showed that： The same sequence of runoff amount and soft loss amount in different lands were the control〉orchard〉Castanea henryi forest〉Chinese fir forests. Especially, soft erosion modulus in the control was over 5000 t·km^-2.a^-1 belonging to severe soil erosion intensity, while for other land-use types, the values were all less than 200 t·km^-2·a^-1 and fell in the range of normal erosion intensity. So lands covered with vegetation, or soil and water conservation measures being made can prevent soil and water losses effectively.